Description
Indications
Tamsulosin Hydrochloride is a medication used to treat the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Pharmacology
Tamsulosin, a selective alpha1 adrenoceptor blocker, shows alpha1 A adrenoceptor selectivity in the human prostate. Blocking these adrenoceptors causes smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate to relax, resulting in increased urine flow and a decrease in BPH symptoms. Following oral administration of Tamsulosin hydrochloride capsule 0.4mg under fasting conditions, absorption is nearly full (90 percent). When given without food, the time to maximum concentration (Tmax) is four to five hours, while when given with food, it is six to seven hours. Human plasma protein is strongly bound to tamsulosin hydrochloride (94 percent to 99 percent ).Tamsulosin hydrochloride is extensively processed in the liver by cytochrome P 450 enzymes, with less than 10% of the dosage eliminated unaltered in urine. Tamsulosin hydrochloride has a plasma elimination half-life of five to seven hours after intravenous or oral administration of an immediate-release formulation. The apparent half-life of Tamsulosin hydrochloride is around 9 to 13 hours in healthy volunteers and 14 to 15 hours in the target group due to the absorption rate regulated pharmacokinetics with Prostam capsules.
Dosage & Administration
Interaction
The use of additional alfa1-adrenoceptor antagonists at the same time may cause hypotension. When Tamsulosin was used with atenolol, enalapril, or nifedipine, no interactions were observed. Tamsulosin plasma levels rise with concomitant cimetidine and decline with concomitant frusemide, but because levels remain within the normal range, posology does not need to be modified. During in vitro investigations with liver microsomal fractions (typical of the cytochrome P450-linked drug-metabolizing enzyme system) involving amitriptyline, salbutamol, glibenclamide, and finasteride, no interactions at the level of hepatic metabolism were observed.Diclofenac and warfarin, on the other hand, may enhance the rate of Tamsulosin elimination.
Contraindications
Patients with hypersensitivity to tamsulosin hydrochloride, a history of orthostatic hypotension, or severe hepatic insufficiency should not use it.
As with other alpha1 blockers, a decrease in blood pressure can occur in rare situations during therapy with Tamsulosin, leading to syncope. If the patient experiences the first signs of orthostatic hypotension (dizziness, weakness), he or she should sit or lie down until the symptoms disappear. They should also be warned to avoid circumstances that could end in injury (like driving, operating machinery or performing hazardous tasks).
Before starting Tamsulosin medication, the patient should be thoroughly checked to rule out the presence of other illnesses that can cause similar symptoms to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Before starting treatment and at regular intervals afterward, a digital rectal examination and the appropriate determination of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) should be conducted.
Side Effects
Dizziness, abnormal ejaculation, and, less commonly, headache, asthenia, postural hypotension, and palpitations have all been described as side effects of Tamsulosin use.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Tamsulosin should not be used during pregnancy or nursing.
Precautions & Warnings
During orthostatic provocation testing following the initial dose, temporary postural symptoms have occurred on rare occasions. It is not recommended for use in people who have micturition syncope.
Effects on ability to drive and operate equipment: There is no evidence that Tamsulosin impairs one’s ability to drive or operate machines. Patients should be informed, however, that dizziness can arise in this situation.
Therapeutic Class
Storage Conditions
Keep it cool and dry, below 30°C, and out of direct sunlight.
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